Stakeholders

Function : Designer

Ana Martínez
Developing energy model by means of energy software TRNsys 17. Energy analysis through simulation in order to chose the most effectiveness energy efficiency measures.

Function : Construction company

Salmer restauracion y conservacion, S.L.

Owner approach of sustainability

Refurbishment of interest cultural house, how is the Alquería, trying to keep its characteristics and by means of implementing passive energy measures, achieve a nearly zero HVAC energy demand.

Architectural description

The house is a single isolated dwelling and consists of two floors, built in the first half of the XX century in the stage prior to the II Spanish Republic (1930). The house is located in a Valencian orchard, 820 meters from the Mediterranean coast, in the municipality of Alboraia (Valencia). The architectural typology is the modern alquería, a typical orchard farmhouse from the east and southeast coast of Spain and of Hispano-Muslim origin. Its main façade is orientated towards the east to take advantage of the breeze from the sea for ventilation and cooling of the farmhouse, especially during the summertime.
These types of buildings were houses of tillage in which the ground floor was used as a house, and the “cambra” or zone under the roof was for the storage of the harvest or for the breeding of silk worms. The geometry of the floors was typically rectangular, or as in our specific case, it could attach two rectangles forming a 90˚angle. The ground floor of the house is 60 m2 in area and 2.8 m. high.
Briefly, the constructive characteristics of the building are: solid brick masonry walls, without any thermal insulation. The floor and deck structure is made of wooden joists and beams. The pillars are solid brick. The south-facing shed roof is supported on the end gable of the roof east-west. The roofs are finishing with curved tiles.
Previously to the house’s refurbishment, an energy simulation study was carried out in order to achieve a negligible HVAC energy demand house. The analyzed measures for reduce the HVAC demand, were:
Passive energy efficiency measures:
 The thermal insulation of the whole building enclosure.
 Optimizing the windows area depending on the orientation.
 Selection of the best characteristics for the windows.
 Shading devices.
 Free cooling obtained from cross ventilation.
Active energy efficiency measures:
 Heating recovery.
 Mechanical ventilation system.
Through the simulation was gotten the best option of each measure, being the HVAC requirements results of the developed simulation model with all of the proposed measures implemented close to 0.
Finally was decided not implementing heating recovery and mechanical ventilation systems in the building, only the passive measures will be implemented.
On the other hand in the refurbishment of the house has been tried to respect as much as possible the original appearance of the dwelling and the materials.
The structural consolidation of the building was needed. Due to its bad state, the deck was completely rebuilt, retaining its original typology, on its constructive elements. The intermediate floor was reinforced and was anchored to the walls. The walls in bad state were repaired following the original configuration.
Briefly, the changes regarding to the original house, have been the following:
Thermal insulation has been placed in all of the façades and the deck. In the walls has been disposed on the external face by means of SATE system.
In the south façade the original windows and doors has been replaced for four windows in order to get a properly passive heating by means of direct solar radiation.
For the purpose of avoiding overheating in windows facing to east, west and south orientation are going to be installed awnings.
The type of windows has been substituted for tilt PVC windows with LowE double glass.
The situation of the house enable good natural ventilation, therefore cooling requirements can be supplied by it.

Energy consumption

• Primary energy need : 14,38 kWhpe/m².year
• Primary energy need for standard building : 54,52 kWhpe/m².year

Calculation method : Other

CEEB : 0.0005

Breakdown for energy consumption :

The house is in refurbishment process yet.
Energy model was developed using energy software TRNsys 17.
HVAC demand simulations results were:
With heating recovery system implemented: Heating Demand: 0.7kWh/year m2, Cooling Demand: 2.2 kWh/ year m2.
Without heating recovery system: Heating Demand: 7.4kWh/year m2, Cooling Demand: 2.8 kWh/ year m2.

More information :

Before the renovation process, the house was uninhabited and in ruins, therefore there aren't any data concerning energy consumption.
On the other hand, currently, the house is in refurbishment process, so does not exist any data concerning primary energy consumption.


• Initial consumption : 1,00 kWhpe/m².year

Envelope performance

• Envelope U-Value : 0,17 W.m^-2.K^-1
More information :

Have been placed in all of the façades and the deck thermal insulation. In the walls has been disposed on the external face by means of SATE system.

• Building Compactness Coefficient : 1,90

Indicator : EN 13829 - n50 » (en 1/h-1)

• Air Tightness Value : 1,49

Systems

Heating system :
• No heating system
Hot water system :
• Individual electric boiler
Cooling system :
• No cooling system
Ventilation system :
• Natural ventilation
Renewable systems :
• Solar Thermal

Any active HVAC system and heating recovery haven’t been implemented. Pretending supply the HVAC requirements with natural ventilation in summer and with passive solar heating according with simulation results.

Will be implemented a solar thermal energy system

Solutions enhancing nature free gains : Have been placed south-facing windows to get a passive solar heating. Cooling requirment will be supplied with natural ventilation.

Indoor Air quality

Is assured through the natural ventilation according to the necessities of the owner.

Health & Comfort

Health & comfort : During the simulation study was defined a complex strategy of energy optimization in order to achieve the best option of the energy saving measures analyzed, avoiding unfavorable effects, being the aim get a health and confort indoor conditions for the customers.

Measured thermal comfort : The results of the simulation shows that the almost 84% of the hours in one year the indoor temperatures are in confort zone ( Temperatures between 26C and 21C).

Product

External Thermal Insulation Composite System
Aislamientos PIMAT
C/ Sequia Real del Xuquer 8, 46260 Alberic, Valencia

Product category : Second œuvre / Cloisons, isolation

El Sistema SATE: Sistema de Aislamiento Térmico por el Exterior (en inglés ETICS: External Thermal Insulation Composite System), es un sistema EPS de aislamiento térmico y acústico de fachadas por el exterior. Mientras que otros aislantes se incorporan a la fachada mediante una obra, el Sistema SATE se trata de un panel de aislamiento prefabricado que se adhiere a las fachadas por fijación mixta (mediante fijación mecánica y adhesiva) por lo que dota a la fachada de una envolvente térmica que mejora la eficiencia energética y minimiza la fuga de calor y la entrada de humedad.
Como resultado de su composición de poliestireno expandido el sistema SATE es un panel aislante que proporciona aislamiento térmico en el exterior de la vivienda. Además cuenta con un revestimiento armado y al mortero acrílico.
Como resultado, el Sistema SATE (Sistema de Aislamiento Térmico por el Exterior) presenta estas ventajas:
Aislante térmico que disminuye la perdida de calor en invierno hasta un 70%.
Aislante térmico que reduce el calentamiento interno en verano hasta en un 30%.
Aislamiento acústico.
Resistencia al impacto solar.
Protege la fachada de la intemperie (larga durabilidad).
Garantiza la transpiración de la fachada.
Reduce el riesgo de condensaciones.
Instalación en el exterior de la fachada (no consume m² internos).
Bajo coste de mantenimiento (apenas necesita).
Impermeable.
Incombustible (A1)
100% Natural
Fácil y rápido de instalar
Permite gran variedad de acabados, incluso colores oscuros.
Por lo tanto, Aislamientos PIMAT considera que este Sistema SATE es un sistema de aislamiento térmico idóneo tanto para las nuevas construcciones como para rehabilitar fachadas exteriores deterioradas ya que otorga una mayor capacidad aislante térmica y acústica. Además, mejora la resistencia a agentes externos y apenas necesita mantenimiento.

This product was very appropriate because it was been able to install easily, and it present a very high resistance to heat transfer.

Urban environment

The building is situated in a growing area closet to irrigation ditches, also is near to the coast and to the Universitat Politècnica of Valencia.

Building Environmental Quality