Contractor

Name : ULiège (Patrimoine de l'Université de Liège)

Contact : Pierre WOLPER, Recteur et Anne GIRIN Administrateur, Anne-Françoise MARIQUE - afmarique[a]uliege.be - 32477192484

Construction Manager

Name : ULiège (Patrimoine de l'Univeristé de Liège) - Administration des Ressources Immobilières

Contact : Anne-Françoise MARIQUE et Michel PREGARDIEN - mpregardien[a]uliege.be - 32478441041

Stakeholders

Function : Construction company

Les Entreprises Gilles MOURY sa
Gwadamère GERARD GSM: 0491/71.27.67 ggerard[a]moury-construct.be
General construction company in charge of carrying out the works

Function : Thermal consultancy agency

TEEN CONSULTING
Vincent KOWALCZYK
Energetic audience

Contracting method

General Contractor

Energy consumption

• Primary energy need : 357,00 kWhep/m².an

Calculation method : Other

Breakdown for energy consumption : In FINAL energy BEFORE WORK: 804MWh/year in heating and 965MWh/year in electricity (-75%) AFTER WORK: 201MWh/year in heating and 765MWh/year in electricity (-21%, excluding scientific processes)

Real final energy consumption

Final Energy : 107,00 kWhef/m².an

Real final energy consumption/m2 : 107,00 kWhef/m².an

Year of the real energy consumption : 2 019

Envelope performance

More information :

insulation of the walls with 30cm of mineral wool, replacement of frames and glazing (Ug = 0.6 w/m².K), insulation of the roof (12cm PU) and insulation of the floor slabs.

More information

The audit and the technical studies led to a theoretical potential of -75% of heat consumption and -21% of electricity consumption. The University's energy and environment unit has carried out ad hoc measurement campaigns (before COVID) which confirm the savings. The installation of meters should be done soon to allow precise monitoring of consumption.

Systems

Heating system :
• Combined Heat and Power
Hot water system :
• Individual electric boiler
Cooling system :
• No cooling system
Ventilation system :
• Nocturnal Over ventilation
• Double flow heat exchanger
Renewable systems :
• Solar photovoltaic
• Biomass boiler

Heat recovery (glycol water) - night cooling to avoid the use of a cooling unit.

Installation of photovoltaic panels on the roof + heating of the building by cogeneration pellets (centralized boiler room) on the Sart Tilman campus.

Biodiversity approach

Urban environment :

Building B22 is located on the Sart Tilman campus of ULiège, of which more than 250 hectares are classified as a nature reserve. This campus was developed in the 1960s in order to preserve the forest massif and the natural area from real estate pressure and prevent the development of housing estates of 4 facade houses. A coordinating plan was produced by Claude Strebelle and still serves as guidelines for the development of the campus.

The campus covers nearly 760 hectares, a third of which is classified as a nature reserve.

Risks

Risks measures put in place :

not applicable

Product

Reused wood (facade cladding)


Product category : Gros œuvre / Structure, maçonnerie, façade

Reused wood cladding - planks from old barns in Eastern Europe.

This type of project, on a large scale moreover, leads to fears as to the durability of the materials, their reception by the users, the ten-year guarantees, the conditions (temporal and financial) of implementation... The company, for lack of knowledge of this subject and familiarity with reuse practices, initially showed a form of reluctance (without however directly opposing the proposal). Here again, it is up to the author of the project to provide the arguments as to the technical feasibility of the file and its aesthetic qualities. A sustained and in-depth study of the entire project upstream obviously puts the company in the best possible position. Most of the questions raised can thus be anticipated. The technical qualities of the managers and their experience are also crucial in the constructive dialogue that ensues.

60/60 floor tiles and metal roof cladding
Matériaux existants sur site

Product category : Second œuvre / Revêtements de sol 

Very good acceptance of the solution.

AZOBE decking boards


Product category :

Realization of an outdoor terrace in reused azobe boards (former Dutch docks).

Very good, but substantial work to level the terrace (planks of different thicknesses) by the company.

Construction and exploitation costs

• Renewable energy systems cost : 68 000,00 €
• Cost of studies : 56 000 €
• Total cost of the building : 5 426 000 €
• Subsidies : 30 000 €
Additional information on costs :

The preliminary technical studies (energy audit, stability, re-use study and LCA) were financed by the eeef program for energy renovation. The work was financed by ULiège in its own funds. A financial model (Net Present value) was developed to demonstrate the realism of the proposal and the return on investment times, integrating the evolution of energy costs and the maintenance work avoided thanks to the project. The entire project (studies, authorizations, specifications, site monitoring) was carried out by an internal team from the university's technical services (excluding stability and health and safety coordination).

Reuse : same function or different function

Batches concerned by reuse :
• Roofing
• Facades
• Landscaping

For each batch : Reused Materials / Products / Equipments :

Implementation of reused wood cladding on the existing concrete facade (insulation with 30cm of mineral wool) > 2,600m² of cladding.

Realization of the terrace in azobé planks from old Dutch port docks, resold in Belgium > 140m².

Recovery, restoration and reuse of 60/60 floor tiles for the project and on another university site > 120m².

Recovery, restoration and reuse of metal roof cladding > 400 m².

Rehabilitation of ventilation infrastructure > 50,000m3 of ductwork.

Major renovation of an existing infrastructure rather than construction on a virgin site.

Field of use and material origin :

Siding - purchase via local supplier, materials from old farms in Eastern Europe.

Azobé - purchase via local supplier, origin = Netherlands (short distances from the construction site).

Floor tiles - materials recovered in situ.

Metal cladding - materials recovered in situ.

Sheathing - are part of the building.

Sustainable design

Reusable materials :

1. The use of reused materials external to the construction site:

• Barnwood type cladding from Eastern Europe, collected and distributed in Austria, resold in Belgium (Biemar Bois), implemented by the company Moury (subcontractor GROVEN Portal) for the production of new cladding of facade of ( 2,600 m² );
• Azobé planks from former Dutch port docks, resold in Belgium (Biemar wood) for the construction of an outdoor terrace ( 140m² );


2. The reuse of materials from in situ deconstruction:

• Metal roof cladding ( 400 m² );
• 60/60 concrete slabs in floor layout ( 120 m² );


3. Rehabilitation of existing infrastructure:

• Recommissioning of an old ventilation unit shut down 20 years earlier: 50,000 m³ ventilation network restored from old ductwork.

Reversibility / Adaptibility :

The method of laying the reused wood cladding favored assemblies (no gluing) in order to facilitate subsequent maintenance, but also to allow reversibility of the intervention at the end of its lifespan.

In such a project, it is a question of starting from the material to go towards the development of an architectural proposal – and not the reverse. It is the material that dictates the composition: the lack of mastery of the material (different widths and thicknesses, varied renderings, etc.) means thinking about the project while guaranteeing flexibility of implementation at all times. This design process is not new. But, since the 19th century at least, this relationship has generally been reversed, favoring architectural design, to which matter must comply. Giving matter back its own logic of implementation also means giving it back its dignity. It is also a way of limiting the waste linked to the implementation. In the case of the Botanical Institute, the layout design complied with the specificities of the reuse boards, by following the following points:

• Siding installed vertically ensures that the material holds up well over time (faster rinsing of rainwater).
• The cladding interspersed with horizontal slats arranged at several spacings gives more regularity to the whole and avoids having to assemble heterogeneous boards end to end – which facilitates the work of implementation.
• By varying the dimension of the center distances, it was also possible to work with more heterogeneous elements, and in particular production offcuts, which were thus able to find a place in the composition.
• The horizontal lines that emerge from the composition also recall the traces of the formwork levels of the initial concrete.

Specificities linked to new materials :

Laine minérale comme isolant.

Environmental assessment

Impacts avoided : water, waste, CO2 :

Categories	Avoided CO2 (kg)	Avoided water consumption (m3)	Avoided waste (kg)
Outdoor facilities	5973,738	26,710896	14827,17243
Exterior fittings / Locksmithing - Metalwork	0	0	0
Carpentry	0	0	0
Partitions	0	0	0
Coverage	0	0	0
Roofing / Exterior fittings	0	0	0
Lighting	0	0	0
Safety lights	0	0	0
Climatic engineering equipment	0	0	0
Electrical equipment	0	0	0
Facades	36766,34351	8847,744804	25467,16758
False ceilings	0	0	0
False floors	0	0	0
False ceilings	0	0	0
Structural work	0	0	0
Sanitary installations	0	0	0
Insulation	0	0	0
Exterior carpentry	0	0	0
Interior carpentry	0	0	0
Furniture	0	0	0
Paint	0	0	0
Plumbing	0	0	0
Floor coverings	0	0	0
Floor and wall coverings	0	0	0
Wall coverings	0	0	0
Building security	0	0	0
Locksmithing - metalwork	714,070531	8,850474704	470,6229617
VRD	0	0	0
TOTAL	Avoided CO2 (kg)	Avoided water consumption (m3)	Avoided waste (kg)
	43454,15204	8883,306175	40764,96297
	Km in a small car	Nb of rectangular bathtubs	nb of years of household waste of a French person
Equivalent	347633	59222	82
Equivalent trip Paris- Nice	395,0

 

The reuse operation saved the equivalent of 347633 kilometers traveled by a small car, or 395 trips from Paris to Nice, 59222 rectangular bathtubs filled with water and 82 years of household waste of a French person.

Reproductibility and Innovation

The operation was designed specifically for the building to be renovated, with a view to respecting the heritage character and the original characteristics of the building. The initiative for re-employment procedures was carried out, from the outset, by the University of Liège, as Project Owner and Project Manager for this project, which is a facilitating element. The university's project managers then managed to convince the various project stakeholders (Authorities, financial services, companies, etc.).

The operation is presented on the OPALIS platform within the framework of the European FCRBE project in a desire to share experience and replicability, also to show the real, financial and operational feasibility of this type of approach.

The operation is replicable in itself (installation of reused wood cladding) but would lose in our sense of its interest in the heritage context that concerns us if it is reproduced identically without paying attention to the context. We did not choose reused wood only for the architectural and heritage part developed for this project. This choice of reuse was not arbitrary – do reuse for reuse. It was underpinned by a global architectural project which aimed to highlight the specific qualities of a material in the context of its use.

The reflections focused on different aspects:

• The texture : the texture of reused wood, heavily veined, is the opposite imprint of the texture of the original concrete. An analogy is created between the initial texture (still present inside the building) and the new facade cladding.
• Lack of control : at the time of construction of the building, the aesthetic quality of the concrete was relatively random (traces of poor workmanship, differences in color, etc.). This diversity, the result of on-site production, disappeared when the building was painted in the early 2000s; while it contributes, as much as the texture, to the brutalist character of the building. The reused wood thus makes it possible to reinject into the building a material of which the architect does not control all the aesthetic aspects.
• The age value (according to the Austrian art historian Alois Riegl): this 50-year-old building has a patina, the mark of the passage of time. The choice of a reusable material, itself patinated, furrowed, attacked… makes it possible to avoid the effect of a facelift and to preserve the building's dignity of its age.
• Sustainability : the objective is to complement energy sustainability (reduction of consumption and greenhouse gas emissions) with a deeper reflection on the durability of materials, with the intention of avoiding the overconsumption of resources and their looting.


The operations of inventorying, storage, cleaning and reuse, in the project or on site, of the materials whose state allows it is highly replicable, in particular within the framework of the buildings of the university of liege of which many date from the 60s and 70s and have been designed in healthy, natural, quality materials, with a very good longevity. For example, the building's natural stone flooring is original and has not been modified due to its very good condition and very good resistance to time.

Storage of dismantled materials and management in situ reused materials :

On-site storage of dismantled, cleaned and reused elements.

Constitution of a stock of slabs in the reserves of the university for use in other projects.

The scale of the project also made the continuous supply of materials on site more complex. No stock of 2,600m² being available as such on the re-employment market, it was necessary to sequence the supply in batches of +/- 400 m², with all the risks inherent in discontinuous arrivals. The schedule had to be revised several times. The intelligence of the company's site managers and the Client was an asset because it made it possible to move from a linear schedule (phase after phase) to a horizontal schedule where several phases overlapped in order to guarantee , at any time, work for the teams and a construction deadline in accordance with the specifications. The budget was completed in compliance with contractual budgets and schedules.

Economic assessment

• Total cost of reuse : 520 000 €
• Cost of reuse in percentage of the operation : 10 %

Social economy

Social economy and professional integration :

The materials were purchased and implemented by a local company.

Our specifications for works contracts impose a limitation of subcontracting to two levels and the signing by companies of a charter against social dumping.

Subcontractors and suppliers are mostly local.

Indoor Air quality

Ventilation system sized at 900 ppm to guarantee indoor air quality - CO2 probes.

Comfort

Health & comfort :

Healthy, raw, minimally processed materials.

Modes of poses favoring assemblies rather than collages.

Acoustic comfort :

Not applicable other than the redevelopment of a lobby and student/exhibition space where acoustic wall panels have been incorporated into the design.

GHG emissions

• GHG in use : 39,00 KgCO₂/m²/an
• GHG before use : 53,00 KgCO₂ /m²
• Building lifetime : 50,00 année(s)

, ie xx in use years : 1.36

consumption in MWh multiplied by a coefficient in kgCO2/MWH according to the energy vector (coefficient of the CWAPE

Life Cycle Analysis

Eco-design material :

• reused wood cladding
• mineral wool
• reuse of original materials