Contractor

Name : L'étincelle RH

Contact : Anne Brochard - anne.b[a]letincelle-rh.fr - 06 13 04 31 29

Construction Manager

Name : 100 Détours

Contact : Jérémie Koempgen - jeremie[a]100detours.com - 06 76 73 36 42

Stakeholders

Function : Company

100 Détours
Benjamin Verger - benjamin[a]100detours.com
Carpentry - Joinery

Function : Structures calculist

Vivier Structures Bois
Maxime Vivier - mvivier[a]vsbois.com - 06.71.38.86.16
Wooden structure design office

Contracting method

Lump-sum turnkey

Energy consumption

Breakdown for energy consumption :

None / Outdoor shelter without consumption.

More information :

None / Outdoor shelter without consumption.

Systems

Heating system :
• No heating system
Hot water system :
• No domestic hot water system
Cooling system :
• No cooling system
Ventilation system :
• Double flow
Renewable systems :
• No renewable energy systems

GHG emissions

Methodology used :

None / Outdoor shelter without consumption.

Construction and exploitation costs

• Total cost of the building : 18 000 €
Additional information on costs :

The price of the bicycle shelter, fixed price, includes the price of the studies.

Urban environment

The bike shelter, overlooking a landscaped parking space of the Etincelle RH company, is also located on the edge of a tree-lined green corridor.
The proximity of the shelter to these walking spaces requires the construction to use natural materials. The mixed wood cladding, in openwork facades but also in the over-roof establish a dialogue, a link, with the adjoining park.
The frame also participates in the play of shadows and light, from morning to evening.
Finally, an association: "les amis du Bois-Jo", educate children and adults about the local nature, just behind in St Herblain.
It is interesting that Paul Corbineau, who is the French expert in the recognition of wood species, who from time to time gives us advice on the recognition of wood species, is a facilitator.

Land plot area

Land plot area : 2 620,00 m²

Built-up area

Built-up area : 19,50 %

Building Environmental Quality

Reuse : same function or different function

Batches concerned by reuse :
• Structural framework
• Roofing
• Facades
• Landscaping

For each batch : Reused Materials / Products / Equipments :

Exterior layout :

The bicycle shelter as a whole can be considered as an outdoor arrangement, it is in very large part made from reuse. The quantities used are the masses in kg. For a better detail, the detail has been given in Frame / Cover / Facade / the bicycle racks are detailed in Exterior fittings. The concrete slab was existing, it was not accounted for in the balance sheet.

=> Total wood weight [Shelter + bike racks]: 789.97 kg
=> Total metal weight [Shelter + bike racks]: 507.35 kg

The wooden frames are 100% made of wood from old wooden joinery. The plates allowing water protection are made of galvanized steel.

=> Structural timber from reuse: 394.06 kg
=> NEW galvanized steel plates: 130.29 kg
The weight of the screws has been neglected.

The cover is made up of alveolar polycarbonate plates, and an upcycled wooden roof.

=> NEW polycarbonate honeycomb sheets: 40.95 kg
=> Reused wooden roof: 141.97 kg

Facades :

=> Openwork racks 100% in reused wood:
Reuse wood weight: 201.66 kg

Exterior layout :

The bike bollards are made of a piece of upcycled laminated wood, and a galvanized steel metal plate.

=> 6 wooden bollards from reuse: 52.28 kg
=> NEW galvanized steel plate: 377.35 kg

Field of use and material origin :

• The timber of timber frames
• The wooden overlay of the cover
• The facade
• The wood of the bike terminals

Origin of doors and windows making up the deposit :

Doors and windows: deposited by carpentry companies, collected on backsplash pallets in the Deux-Sèvres waste collection centers, then dismantled by ESIAM, an employment association located in Mauléon (Deux-Sèvres).

The wood is delivered to the company 100 Détours (50T/year), it is this resource that is reused here. The metal goes through the traditional recycling channel, the glass is recycled in Float at Saint-Gobain).

Species of wood used on the operation :

Among the tiled woods delivered by ESIAM, choice of Hardwoods and tropical woods classes 3 and 4: Oak, Chestnut, Sipo, Bossé, Moabi etc. by species recognition.


The woods are then edged, curried .

=> In the case of laminated-glued, finger-jointed then glued to the hydraulic press with vinyl glue with hardener. The parts are then sanded with a wide band.
=> In the case of the facades and the over-roof, they are chamfered.

Sustainable design

Reusable materials :

More details on glulam structural beams : 

Complete illustrated process: 
At the beginning of 2019, the Agglo 2B contracted with Esiam, a company with the purpose of employment resulting from the experimentation Territoire Zéro Chômeur de Longue Durée. Instead of paying to bury these joineries with the DIB they pay the ESIAM so that they collect and dismantle the external joineries.



Le bois est alors envoyé chez 100 Détours: 




We start by characterizing the resource (sorting by use class). Recognition of species in cross section, xylotheque, trained by Paul Corbineau in Nantes.



Then comes the trimming phase:



Calibrated in thickness, the elements are then classified by widths in increments of 5 mm:



Then of corroding:



The pieces are then finger-jointed:



They are then butted, established, then glued with a hydraulic press (on the photo it is the gluing of the bicycle racks, having the particularity to have two pieces on the thickness, to reach a glued laminate of 7 cm):



After their sanding, the beams in overcycled wood are assembled the stainless steel screws for the realization of the prefabricated frames of the framework:



The assembly then follows on site in the traditional way (this phase will soon be optimized for more prefabrication):






Functionality economy, recycled and recyclable materials :

• Beyond reuse, the process seeks to keep the most massive pieces of wood possible. The design of the book is therefore partly dictated by the formats encountered. This approach aims to facilitate reuse or future reuse of wood elements or material.
• Galvanized steel plates can be sent for conventional recycling at the end of their life.
• Polycarbonate, although it does not seem optimal to us in the project, offers good recyclability, since it can be recycled several times.

Reversibility / Adaptibility :

• All assemblies are designed to be removable (unscrewable), the "torx" screw heads will allow a good grip of the tip at the end of its life.
• The constructive mode is modular: the gantries are of the same geometry, and it suffices to adjust complementary modules to enlarge the bicycle shelter, so as to be able to save an end gantry during the extension.
• Particular attention has been paid to protection against rain and water. Use classes 3 and 4 ensure good durability of the shelter, without the need for maintenance and treatment of the wood. The significant offsets of the roof, as well as the legs, complete its protection.

Specificities linked to new materials :

The metal legs were made by a local company: Fast-metal (53).

Environmental assessment

Impacts avoided : water, waste, CO2 :



The reuse operation saved the equivalent of 5036 kilometers traveled by a small car, ie 6 Paris-Nice journeys, 742 rectangular bathtubs filled with water and 1 year of household waste for a Frenchman.

Reproductibility and Innovation

1. The company L'étincelle RH discovers us on a press article and calls us to design and build a bicycle shelter with exemplary value.
2. 100 Détours draws a sketch of the shelter and its frame.
3. The contract is awarded, for a delivery at the end of 2021.
4. 100 Détours teams up with Maxime Vivier (Vivier structure bois), in order to set up a simulation of glued laminated beams from overcycling and to produce a calculation.
5. The wood being of excellent choice (in the log), we are then aware that it would be advantageous to make physical tests on the LMC beams. We then contacted HD wood, in the premises of the Ecole spéciale du Bois in Nantes, to make quotations for mechanical resistance tests of the beams.
6. A default value, unfavorable (for maritime pine LMC), is taken for our calculation.
7. The work of drawing the frame, taking into account the dimensional constraints of the calculation, and the resource of reuse, is refined by 100 Detours.
8. Delivery of the bicycle shelter in Saint-Herblain.
9. Anne Brochard (l'Etincelle RH) becomes president of the design school of Nantes.
10. Visit of HD wood of the manufacturing workshops of 100 Détours, meeting with Sana Baklouti, Teacher-researcher in productive engineering.
11. Presentation to Fibois Pays de la Loire of the approach 100 Détours, during a meeting around the layout and the reuse. The shelter is very well received by the industry and project managers.
12. The bicycle shelter is a candidate for the National Wood Construction Award 2022 in the Outdoor Design category.
13. 100 Détours wins the "coup de cœur" prize at the Canopée Challenge in the New Aquitaine region, which grants us a free membership to Xylofutur (to initiate, accompany, set up and coordinate innovative collective projects), which will accompany us for 1 year for our R&D procedures. We are thinking of using this collaboration to move forward on the issue of testing LMC beams, serving the bike shelter.
14. We receive a request for a shelter and bike racks from a Breton company with a strong ecological commitment, a second one from a Parisian co-ownership. A company specializing in soft modes of transportation is prospecting us to see if we can produce 20 / 100 / 200 units.
15. At the same time, we are making progress on the design of a machine (4 sides customized) allowing us to accelerate our first steps of transformation. The region seems capable of accompanying us on this necessary investment.

Indeed, the collection, the dismantling by ESIAM, an association with employment purpose, provide a lot of wood. This configuration in the two Sèvres is exemplary. The deposit in term of possible re-use is considerable in France: 6 million wooden windows are deposited every year in France and none or almost none are recycled, they are incinerated or buried. Because multi-materials. In the Deux-Sèvres, for the moment, all the wood from ESIAM is deposited at 100 Détours (50 tons in 2021). We are trying to meet the challenge of giving a second life to all this wood.

A product like the bicycle shelter, with an improvement of the first transformation operations, could participate in this.
At the same time, we would like to participate in the expansion of 100 Detours on the French territory. Currently in progress: a 100 Detours Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes is being set up with the company La Fabrique.

Finally, product innovation comes from our ability (between design and manufacturing) to compose comfort of use in line with the material used, reflecting new practices and our changing times. The success of the bicycle shelter comes from these crossed visions of the carpenter and the designer.

The innovations of 100 Detours:
Among the initiatives related to the reuse and the often artisanal reuse, 100 Détours has the ambition to work with a semi-industrial manufacture. For that, we equipped the workshop, thanks to a help of the region, of tools allowing us to answer the series. On the other hand, having started this activity quite early, 100 Détours benefits from experience feedback on the implementation of glued laminated panels, the mixing of wood species, the recognition of wood species and their classes of use (about twenty frequently encountered, we are accompanied by Paul Corbineau, an expert from Nantes), or the bracing of wood outdoors. The company can provide design and construction services. On the question of structures, the company is currently experimenting with the manufacture of glued laminated beams for outdoor use, used for bicycle shelters and large landscaped platforms, with the help of a structural engineer (Maxime Vivier).

Storage of dismantled materials and management in situ reused materials :

Some photos of the management of window stock and window jambs at 100 Détours:

100 Détours has a large surface area (5000m²), making it possible to classify the woods by:

• Divisions
• Job classes
• Projects

Storage of tiles provided by ESIAM:



Sorting tiles by use class:



Handling of pallets in the workshop:



Storage by job classes and projects:



Stock of whole frames linked to the former activity of the place (former window installation company):

Economic assessment

• Total cost of reuse : 17 203 €
• Cost of reuse in percentage of the operation : 96 %

Social economy

Social economy and professional integration :

The work of 100 Détours is in continuity with the work of the association ESIAM, a company that helps people return to work within the framework of the zero unemployed territory.

Excerpts from the description on the website .

"The ESIAM "Solidarity Company of initiative and action of the Mauléonais" is an EBE (Company with Employment Purpose). Launched on January 3, 2017 with 17 employees today more than 77 unemployed people from the territory have signed a CDI within our company.

In France, 10 territories benefit from the Zero Long-Term Unemployed Territory experiment, initiated by Patrick Valentin
and ATD Fourth World in 2014.

Objective of ESIAM :

Obtain the right to employment for those who are deprived of it.
The success of the ESIAM encourages discouraged applicants to come forward to access the job they had removed from their prospects.

It is responsible for finding activities for people who have been out of work for more than a year, in the given territory.
A job adapted to their skills and at the chosen time, subject to non-competition with the companies present in the Mauléonais (79).
ESIAM provides assistance to the population (individuals and local authorities) as well as to local businesses.